This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: 00:01:39 1 Overview
00:03:46 2 Plant indicators
00:05:16 3 Animal indicators and toxins
00:06:36 3.1 Frogs and toads as bioindicators
00:09:08 4 Microbial indicators
00:09:19 4.1 Chemical pollutants
00:09:59 4.2 In oil and gas exploration
00:10:55 4.3 Microalgae in water quality
00:13:03 5 Macroinvertebrates
00:15:49 6 See also
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SUMMARY
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A bioindicator is any species (an indicator species) or group of species whose function, population, or status can reveal the qualitative status of the environment. For example, copepods and other small water crustaceans that are present in many water bodies can be monitored for changes (biochemical, physiological, or behavioural) that may indicate a problem within their ecosystem. Bioindicators can tell us about the cumulative effects of different pollutants in the ecosystem and about how long a problem may have been present, which physical and chemical testing cannot.A biological monitor or biomonitor is an organism that provides quantitative information on the quality of the environment around it. Therefore, a good biomonitor will indicate the presence of the pollutant and also attempt to provide additional information about the amount and intensity of the exposure.
A biological indicator is also the name given to a process for assessing the sterility of an environment through the use of resistant microorganism strains (eg. Bacillus or Geobacillus). Biological indicators can be described as the introduction of a highly resistant microorganisms to a given environment before sterilization, tests are conducted to measure the effectiveness of the sterilization processes. As biological indicators use highly resistant microorganisms, you can be assured that any sterilization process that renders them inactive will have also killed off more common, weaker pathogens.
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